Convention on the Conservation
of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats

Standing Committee

Resolution No. 4 (1996) listing endangered natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures

(Adopted by the Standing Committee on 6 December 1996)

The Standing Committee of the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats, acting under the terms of Article 14 of the convention,

Having regard to its Resolution No. 1 (1989) on the provisions relating to the conservation of habitats,

Having regard to its Recommendation No. 14 (1989) on species habitat conservation and on the conservation of endangered natural habitats,

Acknowledging that for Contracting Parties which are Member States of the European Union the list of natural habitats requiring specific conservation measures corresponds to Annex I of the Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora,

Resolves to identify the natural habitats listed in Annex I to this resolution as endangered natural habitat types requiring specific conservation measures. (Selected habitats are marked with the sign !)

Resolves to update periodically Annex I to this resolution.

 

ANNEX I  

ENDANGERED NATURAL HABITAT TYPES

  1 .             COASTAL AND HALOPHYTIC COMMUNITIES

 

  11.            OCEAN AND SEAS, MARINE COMMUNITIES

  11.2          Benthic communities

! 11.22         Sublittoral soft seabeds

! 11.24         Sublittoral rocky seabeds and kelp forests

! 11.25         Sublittoral organogenic concretions

! 11.26         Sublittoral cave communities

! 11.27         Soft sediment littoral communities

! 11.3          Sea-grass meadows

  11.4          Brackish sea vascular vegetation

! 11.42         Marine spike-rush beds

 

  12.            SEA INLETS AND COASTAL FEATURES

! 12.7          Sea-caves

 

  13.            ESTUARIES AND TIDAL RIVERS

! 13.2          Estuaries

 

! 14.            MUD FLATS AND SAND FLATS

 

  15.            SALTMARSHES, SALT STEPPES, SALT SCRUBS, SALT FORESTS

  15.1          Annual salt pioneer swards

! 15.1132    Venetian glasswort swards

! 15.114       Iberian glasswort swards

! 15.115       Continental glasswort swards

! 15.13         Sea-pearlwort communities

! 15.14         Central Eurasian crypsoid communities

  15.3          Boreo-nemoral coastal salt meadows

! 15.32         Atlantic lower schorre communities

! 15.33         Atlantic upper schorre communities

! 15.34         Atlantic brackish saltmarsh communities

! 15.4          Suboceanic inland salt meadows                                    

! 15.5          Mediterranean salt meadows

! 15.6          Mediterraneo-Nemoral saltmarsh scrubs

! 15.7          Mediterraneo-Canarian xero-halophile scrubs

! 15.8          Mediterranean salt steppes

! 15.9          Mediterranean gypsum scrubs

! 15.A         Continental salt steppes and saltmarshes

 

  16.            COASTAL SAND DUNES AND SAND BEACHES

! 16.2          Dunes

! 16.3          Humid dune-slacks

 

  17.            SHINGLE BEACHES

! 17.3          Sea kale communities

 

  1A.           COASTAL AGROSYSTEMS

! 1A.1         Machair

 

  2 .             NON-MARINE WATERS

! 21.            COASTAL LAGOONS

 

  22.            STANDING FRESH WATER

  22.1          Permanent ponds and lakes

! 22.11         Lime-deficient oligotrophic waterbodies

  22.3          Amphibious communities

! 22.31         Euro-Siberian perennial amphibious communities

  22.32         Euro-Siberian dwarf annual amphibious swards

! 22.321           Dwarf spike-rush communities

! 22.322           Dune-slack centaury swards

  22.323           Dwarf toad-rush communities

! 22.3232         Small galingale swards

! 22.3233         Wet ground dwarf herb communities

  22.34         Mediterraneo-Atlantic amphibious communities

! 22.341           Short Mediterranean amphibious swards

! 22.342           Tall Mediterranean amphibious swards

! 22.344           Serapias grasslands

  22.35         Central Eurasian amphibious communities

! 22.351           Pannonic riverbank dwarf sedge communities                  

  22.4          Euhydrophyte communities

  22.41         Free-floating vegetation

! 22.412           Frogbit rafts

! 22.413           Water-soldier rafts

! 22.414           Bladderwort colonies

! 22.415           Salvinia covers

! 22.416           Aldrovanda communities

  22.43         Rooted floating vegetation

  22.431           Floating broad-leaved carpets

! 22.4316            Sacred lotus beds                                                                   

  22.432           Shallow-water floating communities

! 22.4321            Water crowfoot communities

! 22.4323            Water violet beds

! 22.44         Chandalier algae submerged carpets

! 22.5          Turlough and lake-bottom meadows

 

  23.            STANDING BRACKISH AND SALT WATER

! 23.1          Athalassal saline lakes                                                               

! 23.3          Salt lake islands                                                              

 

  24.            RUNNING WATER

! 24.2          River gravel banks

 

  3 .             SCRUB AND GRASSLAND

  31.            TEMPERATE HEATH AND SCRUB

! 31.1          European wet heaths

! 31.2          European dry heaths

! 31.3          Macaronesian heaths

  31.4          Alpine and boreal heaths

  31.42         Alpenrose heaths

! 31.424           Carpathian Kotschy's alpenrose heaths                            

! 31.425           Balkan Kotschy's alpenrose heaths                                             

! 31.46         Bruckenthalia heaths                                                                   

! 31.7          Hedgehog-heaths

  31.8          Western Eurasian thickets

  31.8B        South-eastern deciduous thickets

! 31.8B1          Pannonic and sub-Pannonic thickets                                            

 

  32.            SCLEROPHYLLOUS SCRUB

  32.2          Thermo-Mediterranean shrub formations

! 32.22         Tree-spurge formations

! 32.24         Palmetto brush

! 32.25         Mediterranean pre-desert scrub

! 32.26         Thermo-Mediterranean broom fields (retamares)

! 32.2B        Cabo de Sao Vicente brushes

 

! 33.            PHRYGANA

 

  34.            STEPPES AND DRY CALCAREOUS GRASSLANDS

  34.1          Middle European pioneer swards

  34.11         Middle European rock debris swards

! 34.112           Houseleek communities

! 34.2          Lowland heavy metal grasslands

! 34.3          Dense perennial grasslands and middle European steppes

! 34.5          Mediterranean xeric grasslands

! 34.9          Continental steppes                                                                   

! 34.A         Sand steppes                                                                               

 

  35.            DRY SILICEOUS GRASSLANDS

  35.1          Atlantic mat-grass swards and related communities

! 35.11         Mat-grass swards

! 35.7          Mediterraneo-montane mat-grass swards

 

  37.            HUMID GRASSLAND AND TALL HERB COMMUNITIES

  37.1          Lowland tall herb communities

! 37.13         Continental tall herb communities                                        

! 37.14         Eastern nemoral tall herb communities                                

! 37.2          Eutrophic humid grasslands

! 37.3          Oligotrophic humid grasslands

! 37.4          Mediterranean tall humid grasslands

  37.7          Humid tall herb fringes

  37.71         Watercourse veils

! 37.711           Angelica archangelica fluvial communities

! 37.712           Angelica heterocarpa fluvial communities

! 37.713           Marsh mallow screens

 

  38.            MESOPHILE GRASSLANDS

  38.2          Lowland high meadows

! 38.25         Continental meadows                                                                     

 

  4 .             FORESTS

  41.            BROAD-LEAVED DECIDUOUS FORESTS

! 41.1          Beech forests

! 41.2          Oak-hornbeam forests

! 41.4          Mixed ravine and slope forests

! 41.5          Acidophilous oak forests

! 41.6          Quercus pyrenaica forests

! 41.7          Thermophilous and supra-Mediterranean oak woods

! 41.8          Mixed thermophilous forests

! 41.H         Euxino-Hyrcanian mixed deciduous forests                              

 

  42.            TEMPERATE CONIFEROUS FORESTS

  42.1          Western Palaearctic fir forests

! 42.15         Southern Apennine silver fir forests

! 42.16         Southern Balkan silver fir forests                                        

! 42.17         Balkano-Pontic fir forests

! 42.19         Afro-Asian fir forests

  42.2          Western Palaearctic orogenous spruce forests

! 42.21         Alpine and Carpathian sub-alpine spruce forests

! 42.22         Inner range montane spruce forests

! 42.23         Hercynian subalpine spruce forests

  42.24         Sub-Mediterranean Norway spruce forests

! 42.241         Rhodope spruce forest                                                                 

! 42.243         Montenegrine spruce forest                                                          

! 42.244         Paeonian spruce forest                                                    

! 42.245         Balkan Range spruce forest                                                         

! 42.27         Omorika spruce forests                                                                  

! 42.28         Oriental spruce forests                                                                   

  42.3          Alpine larch-arolla forests

! 42.31         Eastern Alpine siliceous larch and arolla forests

! 42.32         Eastern Alpine calcicolous larch and arolla forests

! 42.35         Carpathian larch and arolla forests                                      

! 42.36         Larix polonica forests                                                                  

  42.4          Mountain pine forests

! 42.41         Rusty alpenrose mountain pine forests

! 42.42         Xerocline mountain pine forests

  42.5          Western Palaearctic Scots pine forests

! 42.51         Caledonian forest

  42.52         Middle European Scots pine forests

  42.523         Western Eurasian steppe pine forest

! 42.5232         Sarmatic steppe pine forest                                                        

! 42.5233         Carpatian steppe pine frests                                                       

! 42.5234         Pannonic Scots pine steppe woods                                              

  42.54         Spring heath Scots pine forests

! 42.542         Carpatian relict calcicolous Scots pine forest                                 

! 42.5C        South-eastern European Scots pine forests                          

! 42.5F         Ponto-Caucasian Scots pine forests                                    

  42.6          Black pine forests

! 42.61         Alpino-Apennine Pinus nigra forests

! 42.62         Western Balkan Pinus nigra forests

! 42.63         Salzmann's pine forests

! 42.64         Corsican laricio pine forests

! 42.65         Calabrian laricio pine forests

! 42.66         Banat and Pallas' pine forests

! 42.7          High oro-mediterranean pine forests                                        

  42.8          Mediterranean pine woods

  42.81         Maritime pine forests

! 42.811           Charente pine-holm oak forests

! 42.812           Aquitanian pine-cork oak forests

! 42.814           Iberian maritime pine forests

! 42.82         Mesogean pine forests

! 42.83         Stone pine forests

  42.84         Aleppo pine forests

! 42.841           Iberian Aleppo pine forests

! 42.842           Balearic Aleppo pine forests

! 42.843           Provenço-Ligurian Aleppo pine forests

! 42.844           Corsican Aleppo pine woods

! 42.845           Sardinian Aleppo pine woods

! 42.846           Sicilian Aleppo pine woods

  42.847           Italic Aleppo pine forests

! 42.8471            Gargano Aleppo pine forests

! 42.8472            Metapontine Aleppo pine forests

! 42.8473            Umbrian Aleppo pine forests

! 42.848           Hellenic Aleppo pine forests

! 42.849           Illyrian Aleppo pine forests

! 42.84A          East Mediterranean Aleppo pine forests

! 42.85         Aegean pine forests

! 42.9          Canary Island pine forests

! 42.A         Western Palaearctic cypress, juniper and yew forests

! 42.B         Western Palaearctic cedar forests                                             

 

  44.            TEMPERATE RIVERINE AND SWAMP FORESTS AND BRUSH

! 44.1          Riparian willow formations

! 44.2          Boreo-alpine riparian galleries

! 44.3          Middle European stream ash-alder woods

  44.4          Mixed oak-elm-ash forests of great rivers

! 44.41         Great medio-European fluvial forests

! 44.43         South-east European ash-oak-alder forests

! 44.44         Po oak-ash-alder forests

! 44.5          Southern alder and birch galleries

  44.6          Mediterraneo-Turanian riverine forests

! 44.66         Ponto-Sarmatic mixed poplar riverine forest                        

! 44.69         Irano-Anatolian mixed riverine forests                                            

! 44.7          Oriental plane and sweet gum woods

! 44.8          Southern riparian galleries and thickets

  44.9          Alder, willow, oak, aspen swamp woods

  44.91         Adler swamp woods

  44.911         Meso-eutrophic swamp alder woods

! 44.9115         Eastern Carpathian alder swamp woods                          

! 44.914         Steppe swamp alder woods                                                          

! 44.A         Birch and conifer mire woods

! 44.B         Euxino-Hyrcanian wet ground forests                                       

 

!  45.           TEMPERATE BROAD-LEAVED EVERGREEN FORESTS

 

  5 .             BOGS AND MARSHES

  51.            RAISED BOGS

! 51.1          Near-natural raised bogs

 

! 52.            BLANKET BOGS

 

  53.            WATER-FRINGE VEGETATION

! 53.3          Fen-sedge beds

 

  54.            FENS, TRANSITION MIRES AND SPRINGS

  54.1          Springs

! 54.12         Hard water springs

! 54.2          Rich fens

! 54.3          Arcto-alpine riverine swards

  54.4          Acidic fens

  54.42         Black-white-star sedge fens

! 54.426         Peri-Danubian black-white-star sedge fens                                   

! 54.5          Transition mires

! 54.6          White beak-sedge and mud bottom communities

! 54.8          Aapa mires

! 54.9          Palsa mires

! 54.A         Polygon mires                                                                             

 

  6 .             INLAND ROCKS, SCREES AND SANDS

  61.            SCREES

  61.3          Western Mediterranean and thermophilous screes

  61.31         Peri-Alpine thermophilous screes

! 61.313           Paris Basin screes

 

! 64.            INLAND SAND DUNES

 

! 65.            CAVES

 

  9 .             WOODED GRASSLANDS AND SCRUBS

  91.            PARKLANDS

! 91.2          Dehesa

 

! 93.            WOODED STEPPE